Syllabus     |   Breslyn.org   |    Next Section

Learning Plan

  1. Review the information provided to complete the quiz.

  2. Complete the quiz a second time without looking at the information.


Once you get 100% on the quiz return to the Syllabus or continue to Naming Acids & Bases.

Essential Information

A chemical bond forms when valence electrons are transferred (ionic) or shared (molecular) between atoms.

Bonds are formed to fill their highest energy level (often called and Octet). Noble gases have octets.

Ionic Bond—a strong bond between a metal cation (positive ions) and non-metal anion (negative ions).

Molecular (Covalent) Bond—a semi-strong bond between two non-metals.

How can I tell if it's a metal or non-metal?

Ion—atoms that have a charge (+ or -).
Lost electron = + charge = cation.
Gained electron = - charge = anion.

Properties

Properties of Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Property Ionic Bonds Covalent Bonds
State crystalline solids solids, liquids, gases
Melt/Boiling Point High Low
Solubility Usually dissolves in water but not in non-polar liquids Usually soluble in non-polar liquids but not in water
Conductivity Conducts electricity when melted or dissolved in water. Does not conduct electricity.
Hardness Hard and brittle For covalent solids - usually soft